Hort (1881) did not include any of the 16 verses listed above.īut not until 1881, when the Revised Version was published in England, did an English translation bring this new knowledge about the earliest manuscripts to public attention by leaving out all 16 additional verses. 1864-72)-the famous manuscript hunter who brought the celebrated Codex Sinaiticus and many other manuscripts to the attention of European scholars-and the two Cambridge scholars B.F. In particular, the very influential editions of Constantin von Tischendorf (8th ed. Because many of the older manuscripts did not include the 16 verses just listed, newer 19th-century editions of the Greek New Testament likewise tended not to include them. Printed editions of the Greek New Testament based on this older evidence began to appear as early as 1831, when Karl Lachmann published his edition. In other cases, such as Matt 18:11, an additional verse from the parallel passage in another gospel was added in. In some cases, such as John 5:3b-4, a scribe mistook an explanatory marginal comment for a correction and copied it into the text. Some verses present in the manuscripts Erasmus used did not appear in the older manuscripts. On the basis of this older evidence, it soon became clear that the text of the New Testament had “grown” slightly as it was copied by hand century after century. The situation changed dramatically starting in the late 1700s, as many more manuscripts-some of them six to nine centuries older than those Erasmus used-became available to European scholars. This was basically Erasmus’ text, edited on the basis of a few 12th-century Greek manuscripts.
Virtually all English translations from the Geneva Bible and the KJV down to 1880 used the same basic Greek text as their foundation, a form that later came to be known (on the basis of a 1633 “publisher’s blurb”) as the “received text” (Latin, Textus Receptus). The many editions of Théodore Beza (Calvin’s successor at Geneva) differed little from Estienne’s fourth edition, and Beza’s 1588- editions were heavily used by the translators of the 1611 KJV. His work was used by the Geneva Bible translators, whose New Testament was published, with the support of John Calvin, in 1557. These include the 1550 third edition of Robert Estienne (also known as Robertus Stephanus), whose 1551 fourth edition was the first to include verse divisions. Later editions of the Greek New Testament basically echoed Erasmus’ text. Subsequent editions, including the influential 1522 third edition, included only slight revisions. Erasmus’ 1516 printed text reflected the Greek text as found in 12th-century manuscripts. He had only a very small number of handwritten Greek New Testament manuscripts available as the basis for his printed text, and the ones he used the most were from the 12th century (the oldest manuscript, which he used the least, was from the 10th century). The very first Greek text to be printed and published was edited by the famous Christian humanist scholar Erasmus in 1516. Because of this, the KJV includes verses that more recent translations do not. The KJV’s translators used a printed Greek text that included about 16 verses not included in more recent printed editions of the Greek text. Translators of the KJV and of more modern editions did not use the same printed Greek text. For example, the KJV includes Matt 18:11, but in the NRSV the verse numbers jump from Matt 18:10 to Matt 18:12-there is no Matt 18:11. Some translations, such as the King James Version (KJV), include verses not found in other translations, such as the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV). Perceptive readers who compare English translations of the Bible may notice something strange.
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